December 14
From Genealogy
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December 14
is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 16 days remaining until the end of the year.
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[edit] Events
- 1287 - St. Lucia's flood
: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses, killing over 50,000 people.
- 1542 - Princess Mary Stuart becomes Queen Mary I of Scotland.
- 1702 (according to the old calendar; January 30, 1703 by the new calendar) - The Forty-seven Ronin, under the command of Ōishi Kuranosuke, avenged the death of their master.
- 1751 - The Theresian Military Academy was founded as the first Military Academy in the world.
- 1789 - Dartmouth College is chartered by King George III of England.
- 1782 - Montgolfier brothers first balloon lifted on its very first test flight.
- 1799 - Death of George Washington, first president of the United States.
- 1819 - Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state.
- 1825 - Advocates of Liberalism in Russia rise up against Tsar Nicholas I and are put down in the Decembrist Revolt in St. Petersburg.
- 1836 - The Toledo War unofficially ended.
- 1896 - The Glasgow Underground Railway is opened by the Glasgow District Subway Company.
- 1900 - Quantum Mechanics: Max Planck presents a theoretical derivation of his black-body radiation law.
- 1902 - The Commercial Pacific Cable Company lays the first Pacific telegraph cable, from Ocean Beach, San Francisco to Honolulu, Hawaii.
- 1903 - The Wright Brothers make their first attempt to fly with the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. It crashes, and 3 days later, after repairs, they get it to fly.
- 1907 - The schooner Thomas W. Lawson runs aground and founders near the Hellweather's Reef within the Scilly Isles in a gale. The pilot and 15 seamen die.
- 1911 - Roald Amundsen's team, comprising himself, Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, becomes the first to reach the South Pole.
- 1914 - Lisandro de la Torre and others found the Democratic Progressist Party (Partido Demócrata Progresista, PDP) at the Hotel Savoy, Buenos Aires.
- 1918 - Friedrich Karl von Hessen, a German prince elected by the Parliament of Finland to become King Väinö I, renounces the Finnish throne.
- 1939 - Winter War: The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations.
- 1941 - German military commander of Kharkiv, Ukraine issued an order, according to which the Jewish population was to move to the city periphery within 2 days, into the barracks of the works of a machine factory. In the next days 15,000 Jews were shot at Drobitsky Yar.
- 1941 - World War II: Japan signs treaty of alliance with Thailand.
- 1946 - The UN General Assembly votes to establish its headquarters in New York City.
- 1947 - The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is founded in Daytona Beach, Florida.
- 1955 - Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Portugal, Romania and Spain join the United Nations.
- 1958 - The 3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition becomes the first-ever to reach The Pole of Relative Inaccessibility in the Antarctic.
- 1959 - The Motown record label is founded in Detroit, Michigan by Berry Gordy.
- 1962 - NASA's Mariner 2 becomes the first spacecraft to fly by Venus.
- 1964 - American Civil Rights Movement: Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States - The United States Supreme Court rules that the U.S. Congress can use its Commerce Clause power to fight discrimination.
- 1972 - Apollo program: Eugene Cernan is the last person to walk on the moon, after he and Harrison Schmitt complete the third and final Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) of Apollo 17. This was the last manned mission to the moon of the 20th century.
- 1979 - Legendary punk rock group The Clash release London Calling in the UK, a landmark album in rock music.
- 1981 - Arab-Israeli conflict: Israel's Knesset passes The Golan Heights Law, extending Israeli law to the area of the Golan Heights.
- 1995 - Yugoslav Wars: The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris by leaders of various governments.
- 2003 - President of Pakistan Pervez Musharaf narrowly escapes an assassination attempt.
- 2004 - The Millau viaduct, the highest bridge in the world, near Millau, France is officially opened.
[edit] Births
- 1009 - Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (d. 1045)
- 1503 - Nostradamus, French astrologer (d. 1566)
- 1546 - Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer and alchemist (d. 1601)
- 1625 - Barthélemy d'Herbelot de Molainville, French orientalist (d. 1695)
- 1631 - Anne Conway, Viscountess Conway, English philosopher (d. 1679)
- 1640 - (baptism date) - Aphra Behn, English playwright and novelist (d. 1689)
- 1678 - Daniel Neal, English historian (d. 1743)
- 1720 - Justus Möser, German statesman (d. 1794)
- 1775 - Philander Chase, American founder of Kenyon College (d. 1852)
- 1775 - Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, British admiral (d. 1860)
- 1787 - Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este, Empress of Austria and queen of Hungary and Bohemia (d. 1816)
- 1824 - Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, French painter (d. 1898)
- 1866 - Roger Fry, British artist and art critic (d. 1934)
- 1870 - Karl Renner, President of Austria (d. 1950)
- 1881 - Katherine MacDonald, American actress and film producer (d. 1956)
- 1884 - Jane Cowl, American actress and playwright (d. 1950)
- 1895 - Paul Eluard, French poet (d. 1952)
- 1895 - King George VI of the United Kingdom (d. 1952)
- 1896 - Jimmy Doolittle, American General (d. 1993)
- 1897 - Margaret Chase Smith, American politician (d. 1995)
- 1897 - Kurt Schuschnigg, Austrian politician (d. 1977)
- 1902 - Frances Bavier, American actress (d. 1989)
- 1908 - Morey Amsterdam, American comedian and actor (d. 1996)
- 1908 - Claude Davey, Welsh rugby player
- 1908 - Mária Szepes, Hungarian authoress (d. 2007)
- 1909 - Edward Tatum, American geneticist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
- 1911 - Spike Jones, American comedian and musician (d. 1965)
- 1913 - Dan Dailey, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1914 - Karl Carstens, President of Germany (d. 1992)
- 1914 - Attila Petschauer, Hungarian Olympic champion fencer (d. 1943)
- 1914 - Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and harpsichordist (d. 2003)
- 1916 - Shirley Jackson, American writer (d. 1965)
- 1917 - C.-H. Hermansson, Swedish communist leader
- 1918 - James T. Aubrey, American television executive (d. 1994)
- 1918 - B.K.S. Iyengar, Indian yoga advocate
- 1920 - Clark Terry, American trumpeter
- 1922 - Nikolay Basov, Soviet-born Russian physicist and Noble Prize laureate (d. 2001)
- 1923 - Gerard Reve, Dutch writer
- 1924 - Raj Kapoor, Indian actor (d. 1988)
- 1925 - Sam Jones, baseball player (d. 1971)
- 1927 - Richard Cassilly, American tenor (d.1998)
- 1931 - Jon Elia, Pakistani scholar, poet and philosopher (d. 2002)
- 1932 - Charlie Rich, American musician (d. 1995)
- 1932 - Abbe Lane, American singer and actress
- 1935 - Lee Remick, American actress (d. 1991)
- 1935 - Lewis Arquette, American film actor, writer and producer (d. 2001)
- 1938 - Leonardo Boff, Brazilian theologian
- 1941 - Ellen Willis, American journalist (d. 2006)
- 1941 - Karan Armstrong, American soprano
- 1946 - Jane Birkin, British-born actress
- 1946 - Patty Duke, American actress
- 1946 - Michael Ovitz, American film producer
- 1946 - Stan Smith, American former tennis player
- 1946 - Ruth Fuchs, East German athlete
- 1947 - Christopher Parkening, American guitarist
- 1947 - Linda Sutton, British artist
- 1948 - Lester Bangs, American music journalist (d. 1982)
- 1948 - Dee Wallace-Stone, American actress
- 1949 - Bill Buckner, American baseball player
- 1949 - Cliff Williams, British-born bassist (AC/DC)
- 1951 - Jan Timman, Dutch chess grandmaster
- 1953 - Vijay Amritraj, Indian former tennis player
- 1953 - René Eespere, Soviet-born Estonian composer
- 1953 - Mikael Odenberg, Swedish politician
- 1954 - Alan Kulwicki, American race car driver (d. 1993)
- 1954 - James Horan, American actor
- 1954 - Steven MacLean, Canadian astronaut
- 1956 - Hanni Wenzel, Liechtenstein skier
- 1957 - Gary Ferris, American author
- 1958 - Mike Scott, British singer and songwriter (The Waterboys)
- 1958 - Spider Stacy, English musician (The Pogues)
- 1959 - Jorge Vaca, Mexican boxer
- 1960 - Bob Paris, American bodybuilder and gay rights advocate
- 1962 - Ginger Lynn (Ginger Lynn Allen), American adult film actress
- 1963 - Cynthia Gibb, American actress
- 1965 - Craig Biggio, American baseball player
- 1965 - Ken Hill, baseball player
- 1966 - Fabrizio Giovanardi, Italian racecar driver
- 1966 - Bill Ranford, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 - Tim Skold, Swedish/American musician
- 1967 - Ewa Białołęcka, Polish writer
- 1969 - Scott Hatteberg, American baseball player
- 1970 - Anna Maria Jopek, Polish singer
- 1970 - Beth Orton, English singer-songwriter
- 1971 - Natascha McElhone, British actress